The current Montana Constitution was adopted in 1972. It provides for the self-governance of the State of Montana and consists of 14 Articles. The Montana Constitution establishes and defines the powers of the three branches of the government. It also establishes the rights of Montana citizens. The constitutional provisions are sovereign within the state. However, the Montana Constitution is subject to the limits imposed by the federal laws and United States Constitution.
The three ways of amending the Montana Constitution are:
- initiated constitutional amendments under Section 9 of Article XIV,
- legislatively-referred constitutional amendments under Section 8 of Article XIV, and
- constitutional conventions under Sections 1, 2 and 3 of Article XIV.